Stata free download - Learning Stata, StataWe, Datamagnet Dictionary, and many more programs. Statistics on e-learning in the United States indicate that 63% of high school students in the US use digital learning tools daily. Also, 45% of elementary school students make use of at least one digital learning tool every day. How about middle school students? Well, 64% of them make use of one digital learning tool daily. The Stata News—a periodic publication containing articles on using Stata and tips on using the software, announcements of new releases and updates, feature highlights, and other announcements of interest to interest to Stata users—is sent to all Stata users and those who request information about Stata from us. Yes, please send me the News.
| Original author(s) | William Gould[1] |
|---|---|
| Developer(s) | StataCorp |
| Initial release | 1985 |
| Stable release | |
| Written in | C |
| Operating system | Windows, macOS, Linux |
| Type | Statistical analysis |
| License | Proprietary |
| Website | www.stata.com |
Stata is a general-purpose statistical software package created in 1985 by StataCorp. Most of its users work in research, especially in the fields of economics, sociology, political science, biomedicine, and epidemiology.[2]
Stata's capabilities include data management, statistical analysis, graphics, simulations, regression, and custom programming. It also has a system to disseminate user-written programs that lets it grow continuously.
The name Stata is a syllabic abbreviation of the words statistics and data.[3] The FAQ for the official forum of Stata insists that the correct English pronunciation of Stata 'must remain a mystery'; any of 'Stay-ta', 'Sta-ta' or 'Stah-ta' (rhymes of the three pronunciations of 'data') are considered acceptable. More recent updates indicate that Stata employees pronounce it /ˈsteɪtə/. [3]
There are four major builds of each version of Stata:[4]
- Stata/MP for multiprocessor computers (including dual-core and multicore processors)
- Stata/SE for large databases
- Stata/IC, which is the standard version
- Numerics by Stata, supports any of the data sizes listed above in an embedded environment
Small Stata, which was the smaller, student version for educational purchase only, is no longer available.
User interface[edit]
Stata has always emphasized a command-line interface, which facilitates replicable analyses. Starting with version 8.0, however, Stata has included a graphical user interface based on Qt framework which uses menus and dialog boxes to give access to nearly all built-in commands. This generates code which is always displayed, easing the transition to the command line interface and more flexible scripting language. The dataset can be viewed or edited in spreadsheet format. From version 11 on, other commands can be executed while the data browser or editor is opened.
Data structure and storage[edit]
Until the release of version 16[5], Stata could only open a single dataset at any one time. Stata holds datasets in (random-access or virtual) memory, which limits its use with extremely large datasets. This is mitigated to some extent by efficient internal storage, as there are integer storage types which occupy only one or two bytes rather than four, and single-precision (4 bytes) rather than double-precision (8 bytes) is the default for floating-point numbers.
The dataset is always rectangular in format, that is, all variables hold the same number of observations (in more mathematical terms, all vectors have the same length, although some entries may be missing values).
Data format compatibility[edit]
Stata can import data in a variety of formats. This includes ASCII data formats (such as CSV or databank formats) and spreadsheet formats (including various Excel formats).
Stata's proprietary file formats have changed over time, although not every Stata release includes a new dataset format. Every version of Stata can read all older dataset formats, and can write both the current and most recent previous dataset format, using the saveold command.[6] Thus, the current Stata release can always open datasets that were created with older versions, but older versions cannot read newer format datasets.
Stata can read and write SAS XPORT format datasets natively, using the fdause and fdasave commands.
Some other econometric applications, including gretl, can directly import Stata file formats.
Extensibility[edit]
Stata allows user-written commands, distributed as so-called ado-files, to be straightforwardly downloaded from the internet which are then indistinguishable to the user from the built-in commands. In this respect, Stata combines the extensibility more often associated with open-source packages with features usually associated with commercial packages such as software verification, technical support and professional documentation. Some user-written commands have later been adopted by StataCorp to become part of a subsequent official release after appropriate checking, certification, and documentation.
User community[edit]
Stata had an active email list from August 1994 ('Statalist', over 1000 messages per month) which was turned into a web forum in March 2014 and is still called 'Statalist'.[3] StataCorp employees regularly contribute to Statalist. It is maintained by Marcello Pagano of the Harvard School of Public Health, and not by StataCorp itself.
Articles about the use of Stata and new user-written commands are published in the quarterly peer-reviewedStata Journal. The Stata Journal is a quarterly publication containing articles about statistics, data analysis, teaching methods, and effective use of Stata's language.
User Group meetings are held annually in the United States (the Stata Conference), the UK, Germany, and Italy, and less frequently in several other countries. Only the annual Stata Conference held in the United States is hosted by StataCorp LP. Local Stata distributors host User Group meetings in their own countries, however, Stata developers frequently travel to and present at these meetings. Established under the Societies Act on 10 May 2008, Singapore Stata Users Group is the world's first government-approved users group (Registration No: 2048/2008; Unique Entity No: T08SS0091A). Its slogan is 'Shaping Data Meaningfully'. As a non-profit organisation, StataUGS does not organise regular meetings but provides programming and statistical advice to users in Singapore through informal means. The active members of StataUGS are mostly engaged in biomedical research.
Example Stata code[edit]
To perform a linear (OLS) regression of y on x:
The optional part if allows to restrict the sample used in the command to a subset. For example, if the command should only be applied to the females in the sample, one could specify: if female 1.
To perform logistic regression of y on x:
To display a scatter plot of y against x restricted to values of x below 10:
To perform OLS regression of y on x with White's heteroscedasticity-consistent standard errors:
To calculate Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) for regression:[7]
To code 'fizzbuzz':
Timeline of releases[edit]
Since 2000, StataCorp have released a new major release of Stata (incrementing the integer part of the version number) roughly every two years. Users must pay a fee if they wish to upgrade to the latest major release. Minor releases (incrementing the decimal part of the version number) are sometimes made available between major releases. These are available as free downloadable updates to those who have a licence for the previous major release. Dates of all releases are available on the Stata website.[8] Stata 16 was released on June 26, 2019.
Stata's versioning system is designed to give a very high degree of backward compatibility, ensuring that code written for previous releases continues to work.[9] However, users should be careful when they save or open data among different versions.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^'Stata Journal | Article'. www.stata-journal.com.
- ^'Who uses Stata?'. Stata. Retrieved 2017-06-28.
- ^ abc'Help - Statalist'. www.statalist.org.
- ^'Which Stata is right for me?'. Stata. Retrieved 2010-04-04.
- ^'Data frames: multiple datasets in memory'. www.stata.com. Retrieved 2020-08-13.
- ^'Stata 16 help for save'. www.stata.com.
- ^'Choosing Regression Model in Stata'.
- ^'Stata | FAQ: History of Stata'. www.stata.com.
- ^'Stata 16 help for version'. www.stata.com.
Further reading[edit]
- Bittmann, Felix (2019). Stata - A Really Short Introduction. Boston: DeGruyter Oldenbourg. ISBN978-3-11061-729-0.
- Pinzon, Enrique, ed. (2015). Thirty Years with Stata: A Retrospective. College Station, Texas: Stata Press. ISBN978-1-59718-172-3.
- Hamilton, Lawrence C. (2013). Statistics with STATA. Boston: Cengage. ISBN978-0-84006-463-9.
External links[edit]
Back to school statistics
Question:
It’s back to school time—what do we know about our nation’s students and schools?
Response:
Across the country, students are preparing to head back to school either in person, online, or some combination of the two, for the 2020–21 academic year. Each year, the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) compiles back-to-school facts and figures that give a snapshot of our schools and colleges for the coming year. Scroll through below to learn more.
Please note that these projections do not account for changes in enrollment due to the coronavirus pandemic. The following resources provide information about the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on education:
- U.S. Census Bureau Household Pulse Survey: The Household Pulse Survey (HPS) is a study of how the coronavirus pandemic is impacting households across the country from a social and economic perspective.
- National Center for Education Statistics, Coronavirus Pandemic Information and Resources: This website provides a sampling of data, resources, and tools to answer questions that students, parents, educators, and researchers might have. It includes a list of states’ plans for reopening public schools.
PK–12 EDUCATION
COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY EDUCATION
PK–12 EDUCATION
How many students will attend school in fall 2020?
About 56.4 million students are projected to attend elementary, middle, and high schools across the United States (source).
- 50.7 million students in public schools
- 5.7 million students in private schools
Of the 50.7 million public school students (source):
- 1.5 million are expected to attend prekindergarten
- 3.7 million are expected to attend kindergarten
- 35.3 million are expected to attend prekindergarten to grade 8
- 15.4 million are expected to attend grades 9 to 12
- 4.1 million are expected to attend 9th grade, the grade students typically enter high school
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About 3.7 million students are expected to graduate from high school during the 2020–21 school year, including 3.3 million students from public schools and 0.4 million from private schools (source).
How does fall 2020 public school enrollment compare with years past?
Fall 2020 public school enrollment is expected to be slightly higher than the 50.6 million students estimated to have been enrolled in fall 2019, but lower than in fall 2017, when public school enrollment was the highest ever reported (source). Total public elementary and secondary enrollment is projected to increase between fall 2020 and fall 2029 to 51.1 million.
What are the demographics of public school students?
The projected 50.7 million public school students entering prekindergarten through grade 12 in fall 2020 are expected to include (source):
- 23.4 million White students
- 14.0 million Hispanic students
- 7.6 million Black students
- 2.8 million Asian students
- 2.3 million students of Two or more races
- 0.5 million American Indian/Alaska Native students
- 0.2 million Pacific Islander students
Enrollment in U.S. public elementary and secondary schools, by race/ethnicity: 1995–2029
Percentage distribution of enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by race/ethnicity: 1995–2029
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary and Secondary Education,” 1995–96 through 2017–18; and National Elementary and Secondary Enrollment by Race/Ethnicity Projection Model, 1972 through 2029.
Since fall 2014, less than half of public school students have been White. The percentage of public school students who are White, along with the percentage of students who are American Indian/Alaska Native, is projected to continue to decline from fall 2017 (the last year of actual data available at the time of analysis) through at least fall 2029. The percentages of students who are Asian and of Two or more races are projected to increase. The percentages of Black, Hispanic, and Pacific Islander students are expected to be about the same in 2029 as they were in 2017.
To learn more about student demographics, explore NCES’s variety of Fast Facts, which focus on topics including:
How many schools provided distance learning opportunities in previous years?
In 2017–18, about 19 percent of all elementary/secondary schools offered any courses entirely online (source). This percentage varied by school characteristics:
- 21 percent of all public schools offered any courses entirely online
- 20 percent of traditional public schools offered any courses entirely online
- 30 percent of public charter schools offered any courses entirely online
- 3 percent of primary school offered any courses entirely online
- 13 percent of private schools offered any courses entirely online
Visit our Fast Fact on distance learning in elementary and secondary schools to learn more about previous years’ distance learning in the United States.
How many teachers are there in the United States?
There are expected to be about 3.7 million teachers in fall 2020 (source).
- 3.2 million teachers in public schools
- 0.5 million teachers in private schools
Visit our Fast Fact on teacher trends to learn more about the teaching profession in the United States.
How much will be spent on PK–12 education this school year?
- $14,000: projected current expenditure per student in public elementary and secondary schools for the 2020–21 school year (source)
- $709 billion: projected current expenditures for public elementary and secondary schools
(Note: These these estimates do not include funding changes as a result of the coronavirus pandemic.)
COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY EDUCATION
How many students will attend colleges and universities in fall 2020?
About 19.7 million students are projected to attend colleges and universities in fall 2020 (source).
- 12.0 million students are expected to attend full time (source)
- 7.7 million students are expected to attend part time
- 16.7 million students in undergraduate programs (source)
- 3.1 million students in graduate programs
- 14.6 million students in public institutions (source)
- 5.1 million students in private institutions
- 5.8 million students in 2-year institutions (source)
- 14.0 million students in 4-year institutions
Are college enrollments expected to differ by student characteristics in fall 2020?
- 11.3 million female students (source)
- 8.5 million male students
- 10.3 million White students (source)
- 3.7 million Hispanic students
- 2.6 million Black students
- 1.3 million Asian and Pacific Islander students
- 0.7 million students of Two or more races
- 0.1 million American Indian/Alaska Native students
- 1.0 million Nonresident alien students (not identified by race/ethnicity)
- 12.3 million students under age 25 (source)
- 7.5 million students 25 years old and over
How will fall 2020 college and university enrollment compare with years past?
- College enrollment in fall 2020 is expected to be about 6 percent lower than the peak of 21.0 million in fall 2010 (source).
How many postsecondary students participated in distance learning in previous years?
In fall 2018, some 6.9 million students were enrolled in any distance education course, compared with 12.7 million students who were not enrolled in distance education (source).
Of the students who were enrolled in any distance education course, 3.7 million students were enrolled in distance education for at least one but not all of their courses, and 3.3 million were enrolled exclusively in distance education courses.
Visit our Fast Fact on distance learning among postsecondary students to learn more about the distance learning in the United States.
During the 2020–21 academic year, how many degrees are colleges and universities expected to award?
- 983,000 associate's degrees (source)
- 1,998,000 bachelor's degrees
- 833,000 master's degrees
- 187,000 doctor's degrees
For more information:
NCES publishes a wide range of data on graduation rates, technology in education, college costs, fields of study (or majors), number of degrees awarded, and employment outcomes in annual publications, including the Condition of Education and the Digest of Education Statistics.
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Additional resources:
- Fast Facts about State-level Statistics: Links to selected publications and websites that provide state-by-state information on achievement, attainment, demographics, enrollment, finances, and teachers at the elementary, secondary, and postsecondary levels.
- U.S. Department of Education program and budget information can be found here.
- U.S. Census Bureau Current Population Survey: The Current Population Survey (CPS) is a monthly survey of about 60,000 households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau. The CPS is the primary source of information on labor force statistics and also contains information on educational attainment.
Other Resources:(Listed by Release Date)
- 2019, NCES Blog: Back to School by the Numbers: 2019–20 School Year